Why is it done?

• Blood in stool
• Chronic diarrhea or constipation
• Unexplained abdominal pain
• Unexplained weight loss or anemia
• Screening for colon cancer (especially after age 45 or with family history)

How is the procedure performed?

A flexible tube (colonoscope) is gently passed through the anus to examine the colon. The procedure usually takes about 10–20 minutes. We usually perform this procedure without sedation.

Is it painful?

You may feel mild bloating or pressure during the procedure.

How should I prepare?

• You will be given a special laxative solution to clean your bowel
• Follow a liquid diet one day before the procedure
• Avoid solid food as instructed
• Inform your doctor about medications, especially blood thinners

What can be done during colonoscopy?

• Detection of ulcers, inflammation, and tumors
• Removal of polyps (which can prevent cancer)
• Biopsy for diagnosis
• Control of bleeding

What happens after the procedure?

• You may feel bloating for a short time
• If sedation is used, avoid driving for the day
• Most patients go home the same day

Is it safe?

Colonoscopy is a safe procedure when performed by trained specialists. Complications are rare.

When should you seek medical attention?

• Severe abdominal pain
• Persistent bleeding
• Fever
• Dizziness or weakness